Can a Dog Microchip Stop Working? Signs, Myths and Facts

Feb 06-2026

Dog microchipping is a standardized veterinary procedure in the United States, widely recognized as a permanent method of pet identification. 

A micro chip for dogs is a biocompatible RFID device, typically the size of a grain of rice, implanted beneath the skin. Each chip carries a unique identification number that can be read by a pet microchip scanner and matched through an animal chip registry.

But the chip itself is only half the system. The other, equally critical half is the registration in a pet recovery database like the National Microchip Registry (NMR), where your contact information is securely linked to that unique number.

This guide cuts through the confusion. We’ll explore the real signs of a problem, separate widespread myths from factual realities, and give you a clear, actionable plan to ensure your dog’s microchip works as a trusted lifeline for their entire life.

Can a Dog Microchip Actually Stop Working?

Technically, yes, a microchip’s physical component can fail, but statistically, it is exceedingly rare. 

Dog microchips are engineered to be durable and reliable. They are passive RFID devices meaning they do not contain a battery or moving parts. 

Instead, they are activated by the radio frequency emitted from a pet microchip scanner. Because of this design, the likelihood of a chip “breaking” is extremely low.

That said, there are rare scenarios where a microchip may appear to stop working:

  • Scanner incompatibility – Some older scanners may not detect newer ISO‑standard chips.
  • Chip migration – The chip can shift slightly under the skin, making it harder to locate during scanning.
  • Manufacturing defects or damage – Though uncommon, a chip may fail to transmit its ID number.
  • Registry mismatch – Even if the chip scans correctly, outdated or missing data in the animal chip registry can make it seem like the chip is “not working.”

It’s important to note that most reported failures are not due to the chip itself, but rather to registration errors or scanner limitations. 

Studies, including those by the American Veterinary Medical Association, cite failure rates of less than 1 in 10,000 for properly implanted ISO-standard chips.

These chips are designed for a 25-year lifespan, far exceeding a dog’s life expectancy. They have no internal power source. They transmit their ID number only when energized by the low-frequency radio waves from a scanner.

So why do we hear stories of microchip failure? 

In the vast majority of cases, the issue is not with the silicon and glass capsule under your dog’s skin. The breakdown happens in the system around the chip. 

The #1 reason a lost pet isn’t returned home is an unregistered chip or outdated owner information in the database. This isn't a chip malfunction, it’s a registration failure.

Think of it this way: the microchip is like a USB drive containing only a serial number. The national pet microchip registration database is the computer that tells the world what that number means and who to call. 

If the USB is never plugged in (unregistered) or the file on the computer is old (outdated info), the system fails.

This is why dog microchip registration with a reliable national pet microchip registration database is as critical as the implantation procedure.

Why registration matters more than the chip itself – NMR.

Real Signs Your Dog’s Microchip Might Have a Problem

While physical failure is uncommon, being proactive is key. Here are the tangible signs that something in your pet’s microchip system may need attention.

→ The Chip Doesn’t Scan. 

This is the most obvious red flag. During a routine vet visit or shelter intake, the scanner gets no reading. However, before panicking, know that operator error or scanner issues can sometimes be the culprit. 

Not all scanners are “universal,” though most modern ones are. Always ask for a rescan using a different scanner and ensure the technician sweeps the entire shoulder and neck area slowly.

→ Inconsistent or “Ghost” Readings. 

Rarely, a scanner might pick up a faint, inconsistent signal or an incorrect number. This could indicate a damaged chip or interference.

→ Microchip Migration. 

The chip has moved from its original implantation site between the shoulder blades. This is fairly common and not inherently a failure, but it can make the chip harder to locate with a quick scan. A thorough, full-body scan will usually find it.

→ The Registry “Dead End.” 

You try to look up your chip’s number or update your information and hit a wall. The phone number for the registry is disconnected, the website no longer exists, or you’re told your “free registration” period expired years ago and you must pay a hefty fee to reactivate it. This is a critical system failure.

→ Discovery of an Unregistered Chip. 

You adopt a pet, scan them, and find a chip, but a microchip registry lookup shows it was never enrolled in any database. The chip is physically present but functionally useless.

What to Do If You See These Signs:

  • Stay Calm and Rescan. Visit a different vet or animal shelter for a second opinion with their equipment.
  • Perform a Lookup. Use a universal pet microchip lookup tool (like the one offered by NMR) to see which database, if any, your chip is in.
  • Consult Your Vet. If the chip is truly unreadable, discuss the option of implanting a second, new microchip. It’s perfectly safe for a pet to have two, and you can register the new one in a reliable pet registry.
  • Owners should treat registry maintenance as part of routine pet care.

Check your pet’s microchip number with NMR’s lookup tool.

Debunking Myths vs Facts About Microchip Failure

When discussing microchips, misinformation often spreads faster than facts. Below are the most common myths, paired with the realities backed by veterinary science and registry data.

MYTHS

Factual Reality

Microchips have GPS and can track my dog’s location.

Microchips are RFID, not GPS. They contain only an ID number. They cannot track your pet’s movements in real-time. They require a scanner to read them.

Microchips cause cancer or serious health issues.

The risk is extremely low. Animal Veterinary Association, have found the incidence of tumor formation associated with microchips to be negligibly lower.

Can a microchip hurt a dog?

The implantation feels similar to a vaccination. Any soreness is brief. The benefits for pet safety overwhelmingly outweigh the minimal, momentary discomfort.

Microchips expire or need to be charged.

They have no battery and are designed to last your pet’s lifetime. They do not need recharging or replacement.

Can a microchip be deactivated or removed?

They cannot be remotely deactivated. Surgical removal is difficult and rarely recommended, as it is more invasive than the original implantation. It’s a permanent form of ID.

Is it mandatory to microchip a dog?

Yes, it’s legally required in many countries. Even where it’s not, it is considered a cornerstone of responsible pet ownership.

By separating myths from facts, pet owners can make informed decisions and avoid unnecessary concerns. The most important step remains ensuring accurate registration in a trusted national pet registry.

Preventing Dog Microchip Problems: Best Practices

Prevention is straightforward and revolves around one core principle: The system is only as strong as its weakest link. Here are practical steps to prevent microchip issues:

  • Annual Scan at the Vet. Make scanning part of your dog’s yearly check-up. It verifies functionality and location.
  • Secure Lifetime Registration. Don’t rely on temporary or breeder/veterinarian-only databases. Enroll your pet’s ID number with a permanent, national pet recovery database that offers lifetime registration without annual fees.
  • Update Information Immediately. Every time you move or change your phone number, update your microchip registration first. It’s more important than updating your social media profile.
  • Use a Backup. A microchip is not a substitute for a sturdy collar and up-to-date rabies tag and ID tag. Tags provide instant visibility; the microchip is the permanent backup.
  • Keep Records. Save your microchip certificate and registration confirmation in a safe, easy-to-find place (both digital and physical).
  • Educate yourself on scanner compatibility. Modern ISO‑compliant scanners detect most chips, but older devices may miss certain frequencies.

Dog Microchip Care: Registration and Updates

The most overlooked factor in microchip reliability is the accuracy of registration and ongoing verification. Even a perfectly functioning chip is ineffective if the registry information is outdated or incomplete.

Many pet owners are unaware that the “free registration” offered at the vet’s office or shelter often comes with limitations. 

It may be a temporary listing with the chip manufacturer that expires, requires costly renewals, or isn’t part of a network accessible 24/7 by all shelters.

A dedicated, national pet microchip registry like NMR exists for one purpose: to get lost pets home. Here’s what that looks like in practice:

  • Lifetime Registration: One-time enrollment ensures your pet’s file is active for life.
  • 24/7/365 Recovery Service: If your pet is lost, any finder can call a single, always-on number to start the reunion process.
  • Instant Online Updates: You control your information in real-time → no forms, no waiting, no fees for changes.
  • Universal Lookup: Your pet’s microchip number is accessible in the broader network, so shelters can find you even if they look it up through a different portal.

Your Maintenance Checklist:

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

  1. How long does a microchip last in a dog?
    A microchip is designed to last for the lifetime of the animal. Since it has no battery or moving parts, it does not “expire.”
  2. Can a dog microchip stop working after 10 years?
    It is highly unlikely due to the chip’s design life. However, if the registration was with a company that purges inactive accounts or you’ve moved multiple times without updating your information, the chip will effectively not work because no one can contact you.
  3. Is it mandatory to microchip a dog?
    In many U.S. states and municipalities, microchipping dogs is strongly encouraged, and in some regions it is legally required. Always check local regulations.
  4. Can microchips fail or malfunction?
    True malfunctions are rare. Most reported issues are due to scanner incompatibility or outdated registry data rather than the chip itself.
  5. What’s the difference between NMR and other registries like AKC Reunite or HomeAgain?
    While many registries exist, NMR focuses exclusively on being a straightforward and secure database. We specialize in pet recovery. Learn more about why a dedicated registry matters.
  6. What happens if the dog isn’t microchipped?
    Without a chip, shelters and clinics have no permanent way to identify and reunite lost pets with their owners.
  7. How do I find my dog’s microchip number if I lost the certificate?
    Any veterinarian or animal shelter can scan your pet and provide you with the number. You can also check your original adoption or vet paperwork.
  8. What information is on a pet microchip?
    Only a unique identification number. Owner details are stored securely in the national pet microchip registration database.
  9. Can a dog microchip break?
    No. Chips are encased in biocompatible glass designed to withstand normal activity.
  10. Why has my pet’s microchip stopped working?
    Most likely due to registry mismatch or scanner limitations. Regular checks and updates in a dog microchip registry prevent this issue.

Ensure Lifetime Protection Through Proper Registration

Dog microchips are engineered to be reliable, safe, and long‑lasting. 

The science is clear: the chip itself is only half of the system. The other half and the part most often overlooked is accurate registration in a national pet microchip registry.

For U.S. pet owners, the priority should be:

  • Ensuring the chip is scanned during routine veterinary visits.
  • Keeping registration details current in a trusted dog microchip registry.
  • Using a pet microchip lookup periodically to confirm accuracy.

Your dog’s microchip is a promise of safety. By taking three simple steps → verifying the scan, securing lifetime registration with a trusted national database, and vigilantly updating your contact details you fortify that promise. 

By maintaining both the chip and the registry connection, you eliminate the most common causes of microchip failure. 

It transforms a tiny piece of technology into an unbreakable bond, ensuring that no matter what happens, your pet always has a way to tell the world, “I have a family who loves me. Please help me get home.”

Don’t leave your pet’s safety to chance. Verify your microchip registration status today and ensure your information is current and secure.

The National Microchip Registry (NMR) provides nationwide coverage, secure data management, and easy updates making it one of the best pet microchip registry options for long‑term peace of mind.

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